Quantum information science is an interdisciplinary research field at the interface between [[Quantum Mechanics|quantum physics]] and information science. It only emerged about half a century ago and is the basis of many modern [[quantum technologies]]. At its core, quantum information science explores how quantum systems can represent, transmit, and process information in ways that [[Classical Physics|classical systems]] cannot. The fundamental unit of quantum information is the [[Qubit|qubit]], which, unlike a classical [[Bit|bit]] that can be either 0 or 1, can exist in a [[Superposition|superposition]] of the computational-[[Basis|basis]] states $\ket{0}$ and $\ket{1}$ (here, we have used [[Braket Notation|bra-ket notation]]). This property, along with [[Entanglement|entanglement]] and quantum [[Measurement|measurements]], gives rise to novel computational and communication capabilities. Quantum information science encompasses several key areas. In [[Quantum Computer|quantum computing]], researchers develop algorithms that leverage quantum mechanics to solve problems more efficiently than [[Classical Computer|classical computers]]. In [[Quantum Communication|quantum communication]], protocols like [[Quantum Key Distribution|quantum key distribution]] use entanglement and the [[No-Cloning Theorem|no-cloning theorem]] to enable theoretically unbreakable encryption. [[Quantum Simulation|Quantum simulation]] and [[Quantum Metrology|quantum metrology]] are two other major areas of research in quantum information science. The field is inherently interdisciplinary, drawing on concepts from computer science, physics, mathematics, and engineering. It not only deepens our understanding of the foundations of quantum mechanics but also drives the development of next-generation technologies that could revolutionize computation, metrology, cryptography, and secure communication. >[!read]- Further Reading >- [[Quantum Mechanics]] >- [[Quantum Technologies]] >[!ref]- References